Summary 3 - Chapter 2 & 11

Topic 1 - Structural markups change the appearance of the text and are usually applied to many things.

Some of the most common structural tags are headings tags such as h1. A heading tag can go from h1 which is the biggest down to h6 which is the smallest. A paragraph tag is p. Every paragraph starts on a new line. To bold a word the tag is b. To italicize a word the tag is i. All these tags have opening and closing tags, but an empty element only has 1 tag. A line break tag is br which is the equivalent of hitting the return key. A horizontal rule tag is hr which puts a horizontal line across the page.

Topic 2 - Semantic markups give extra information about whatever the text is.

Semantic markups are not to be used for their styling. For example, a block quote tag will usually indent itself, but a coder should not use that tag just to get an indent in the text. A good example of the proper use of semantic markups are the ins and del tags. ins tag indicates when something new has been added to the text. The physical appearance of the text will have an underline. A del tag indicates when something has been deleted from the text. The text will have a line through it. These tags are helpful for the reader to know that there is new information that they may not have seen or old information that is now incorrect.

Topic 3 - There are three to four ways CSS can identify colors.

The three main ways to define color are by RGB, HEX, or name. RGB stands for red, green, and blue. This specifies how much of each color is present in the color the coder wants. HEX codes are the pound sign and 6 numbers that identify what color it is. The name is just the English word for the color such as red or blue. Naming colors is limiting as there are only 147 options to choose from. The fourth way to define color is HSL which is hue, saturation, and lightness. Hue stands for what people’s idea of color is, an example would be red or blue. Saturation is how much gray there is in the color. The higher the saturation the less gray and the lower the saturation the more gray. Lightness is how much white the color has. More lightness means the color is approaching white while less lightness means the color is approaching black.